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United States · Election results history · 1988 president · Pennsylvania
Election 1988 Results

Each election opens in its own mode: the forecast before the votes are counted, the live count while races are still too close to call, and the results once every race is decided.

1988 presidential election in Pennsylvania

George H. W. Bush (Republican) beat Michael Dukakis (Democrat) in Pennsylvania in 1988, 50.7% to 48.4%, a margin of 2.3 points and 105,143 votes.

Pennsylvania voted 5.4 points more Democratic than the country as a whole, where the margin was R+7.7.

The Republican hold continued from 1984, when Ronald Reagan won.

Republicans led in 52 of the 67 counties as they stood then and Democrats in 15. The largest, Philadelphia, cast 674,977 votes and went to the Democrat by 34.2 points. The closest was Clinton, where 24 votes separated the two parties.

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Early projection, based on early and incomplete polling: the likely matchups, each weighted by the betting markets' odds of both nominations, not a result. Each county is its 2024 presidential margin moved by its state's projected swing; set a national vote and every state, district and county moves by the same amount from our projection. Colours run in 100 steps from a safe Republican to a safe Democratic margin. Boundaries: US Census Bureau.

Result

CandidatePartyVotesShare
George H. W. Bush won Republican 2,300,087 50.7%
Michael Dukakis Democratic 2,194,944 48.4%
All other candidates 41,220 0.9%
Total4,536,251

Every county

CountyDemocratRepublicanOthersTotalMargin
Philadelphia 449,566 66.6% 219,053 32.5% 6,358 674,977 D+34.2
Allegheny 348,814 59.5% 231,137 39.4% 6,200 586,151 D+20.1
Montgomery 109,834 38.8% 170,294 60.2% 2,742 282,870 R+21.4
Delaware 96,144 39.0% 147,656 59.9% 2,505 246,305 R+20.9
Bucks 82,472 38.8% 127,563 60.0% 2,605 212,640 R+21.2
Chester 44,853 32.1% 93,522 67.0% 1,210 139,585 R+34.9
Westmoreland 76,710 55.1% 61,472 44.1% 1,108 139,290 D+10.9
Lancaster 38,982 28.4% 96,979 70.8% 1,068 137,029 R+42.3
Luzerne 58,553 49.6% 59,059 50.0% 480 118,092 R+0.4
Berks 41,040 36.5% 70,153 62.4% 1,251 112,444 R+25.9
York 37,691 33.9% 72,408 65.2% 1,017 111,116 R+31.2
Erie 53,913 52.2% 48,306 46.8% 1,081 103,300 D+5.4
Lehigh 42,801 42.8% 56,363 56.3% 943 100,107 R+13.5
Lackawanna 45,591 51.4% 42,083 47.4% 1,067 88,741 D+4.0
Dauphin 35,079 41.4% 48,917 57.8% 681 84,677 R+16.3
Northampton 39,264 47.3% 42,748 51.5% 966 82,978 R+4.2
Washington 47,527 62.1% 28,651 37.4% 375 76,553 D+24.7
Beaver 50,327 65.8% 25,764 33.7% 378 76,469 D+32.1
Cumberland 24,613 34.0% 47,292 65.3% 528 72,433 R+31.3
Cambria 38,517 59.7% 25,626 39.7% 409 64,552 D+20.0
Schuylkill 24,797 42.9% 32,666 56.5% 379 57,842 R+13.6
Butler 22,341 44.1% 27,777 54.8% 549 50,667 R+10.7
Fayette 33,098 65.7% 16,915 33.6% 336 50,349 D+32.1
Mercer 24,278 52.9% 21,301 46.4% 301 45,880 D+6.5
Centre 18,357 43.2% 23,875 56.1% 295 42,527 R+13.0
Blair 15,588 37.4% 25,623 61.5% 451 41,662 R+24.1
Franklin 12,368 31.2% 27,086 68.3% 190 39,644 R+37.1
Lycoming 13,528 34.9% 24,792 64.0% 415 38,735 R+29.1
Lawrence 21,884 57.7% 15,829 41.8% 191 37,904 D+16.0
Lebanon 11,912 32.5% 24,415 66.7% 281 36,608 R+34.2
Northumberland 14,255 41.0% 20,207 58.1% 338 34,800 R+17.1
Indiana 16,514 52.0% 14,983 47.2% 242 31,739 D+4.8
Somerset 13,815 44.9% 16,809 54.6% 144 30,768 R+9.7
Crawford 13,021 42.5% 17,249 56.3% 358 30,628 R+13.8
Monroe 9,859 36.0% 17,185 62.8% 327 27,371 R+26.8
Clearfield 12,235 45.8% 14,296 53.5% 182 26,713 R+7.7
Armstrong 13,892 54.1% 11,509 44.8% 282 25,683 D+9.3
Adams 8,299 34.4% 15,650 64.9% 156 24,105 R+30.5
Bradford 6,635 32.6% 13,568 66.7% 134 20,337 R+34.1
Venango 8,624 42.6% 11,468 56.6% 171 20,263 R+14.0
Columbia 7,767 38.8% 12,114 60.5% 140 20,021 R+21.7
Carbon 9,104 46.6% 10,232 52.3% 211 19,547 R+5.8
Bedford 5,754 33.9% 11,123 65.5% 92 16,969 R+31.6
Jefferson 6,235 38.7% 9,743 60.5% 131 16,109 R+21.8
Warren 6,790 42.5% 8,991 56.2% 214 15,995 R+13.8
McKean 5,300 35.9% 9,323 63.2% 124 14,747 R+27.3
Tioga 4,807 33.5% 9,471 66.0% 72 14,350 R+32.5
Greene 9,126 64.7% 4,879 34.6% 90 14,095 D+30.1
Susquehanna 4,871 34.7% 9,077 64.6% 108 14,056 R+29.9
Wayne 3,775 27.2% 9,926 71.6% 161 13,862 R+44.4
Clarion 5,616 40.8% 8,026 58.4% 109 13,751 R+17.5
Huntingdon 4,752 34.9% 8,800 64.6% 79 13,631 R+29.7
Mifflin 4,790 36.6% 8,170 62.5% 115 13,075 R+25.9
Elk 5,879 46.1% 6,737 52.9% 128 12,744 R+6.7
Perry 3,910 31.2% 8,545 68.2% 78 12,533 R+37.0
Snyder 2,658 22.6% 9,054 76.9% 67 11,779 R+54.3
Clinton 5,759 49.6% 5,735 49.4% 119 11,613 D+0.2
Union 3,163 28.4% 7,912 71.0% 61 11,136 R+42.6
Pike 3,097 31.2% 6,659 67.1% 161 9,917 R+35.9
Wyoming 2,797 29.6% 6,607 69.9% 43 9,447 R+40.3
Juniata 2,834 36.5% 4,881 62.9% 49 7,764 R+26.4
Potter 2,119 32.1% 4,432 67.2% 41 6,592 R+35.1
Montour 2,031 35.7% 3,617 63.5% 48 5,696 R+27.8
Fulton 1,532 33.0% 3,086 66.4% 28 4,646 R+33.4
Sullivan 1,091 37.3% 1,808 61.9% 23 2,922 R+24.5
Cameron 901 33.9% 1,731 65.2% 23 2,655 R+31.3
Forest 895 43.3% 1,159 56.1% 11 2,065 R+12.8

Counties as they stood in 1988; some have since been split, merged or renamed. Margin: the Democrat's share of all votes minus the Republican's. Sources and how the results were checked.

Pennsylvania in every presidential election we hold

YearWinnerMargin
2024 Donald Trump (R) R+1.7
2020 Joe Biden (D) D+1.2
2016 Donald Trump (R) R+0.7
2012 Barack Obama (D) D+5.4
2008 Barack Obama (D) D+10.3
2004 John Kerry (D) D+2.5
2000 Al Gore (D) D+4.2
1996 Bill Clinton (D) D+9.2
1992 Bill Clinton (D) D+9.0
1988 George H. W. Bush (R) R+2.3
1984 Ronald Reagan (R) R+7.4
1980 Ronald Reagan (R) R+7.1
1976 Jimmy Carter (D) D+2.7
1972 Richard Nixon (R) R+20.0
1968 Hubert Humphrey (D) D+3.6
1964 Lyndon B. Johnson (D) D+30.2
1960 John F. Kennedy (D) D+2.3
1956 Dwight D. Eisenhower (R) R+13.2
1952 Dwight D. Eisenhower (R) R+5.9
1948 Thomas E. Dewey (R) R+4.0
1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) D+2.8
1940 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) D+6.9
1936 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) D+16.0
1932 Herbert Hoover (R) R+5.5
1928 Herbert Hoover (R) R+31.4
1924 Calvin Coolidge (R) R+46.3
1920 Warren G. Harding (R) R+38.6
1916 Charles Evans Hughes (R) R+14.0
1912 Theodore Roosevelt (other)
1908 William Howard Taft (R) R+23.4
1904 Theodore Roosevelt (R) R+40.9
1900 William McKinley (R) R+24.6
1896 William McKinley (R) R+24.7
1892 Benjamin Harrison (R) R+6.4
1888 Benjamin Harrison (R) R+8.0
1884 James G. Blaine (R) R+9.5
1880 James A. Garfield (R) R+4.3
1876 Rutherford B. Hayes (R) R+2.4
1872 Ulysses S. Grant (R) R+24.5
1868 Ulysses S. Grant (R) R+4.4