Election 1890 Results
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1890 governor election results by state and county
Backlash against the McKinley Tariff gave Democrats 15 of 27 governorships in 1890, including Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Michigan, Wisconsin and Nebraska.
27 governor races were held in 1890. Democrats won 14 and Republicans 13.
The closest were New Hampshire (R+0.1), Minnesota (R+0.9) and Nebraska (D+1.2). 7 governorships changed party: California to the Republicans, Massachusetts to the Democrats, Michigan to the Democrats, Nebraska to the Democrats, Pennsylvania to the Democrats, Rhode Island to the Democrats and Wisconsin to the Democrats.
Early projection, based on early and incomplete polling: the likely matchups, each weighted by the betting markets' odds of both nominations, not a result. Each county is its 2024 presidential margin moved by its state's projected swing; set a national vote and every state, district and county moves by the same amount from our projection. Colours run in 100 steps from a safe Republican to a safe Democratic margin. Boundaries: US Census Bureau.
About the 1890 governor elections
The 1890 midterms punished Benjamin Harrison's Republicans for the McKinley Tariff and the spending of the so-called Billion-Dollar Congress. Democrats won a large House majority, and in the governor races they took 15 of 27, gaining six states. Farmers' Alliance and independent candidates also drew heavy votes in the Plains. Robert E. Pattison won back Pennsylvania by about 2 points over George W. Delamater, the candidate of Matthew Quay's machine. William E. Russell won Massachusetts by about 4 points, and Edwin B. Winans took Michigan by about 3. In Wisconsin, George W. Peck won after Republicans passed the Bennett Law requiring English in schools, which angered German and Scandinavian voters. James E. Boyd won Nebraska by about a point. New Hampshire's race was decided by 0.1 points, and William R. Merriam held Minnesota by under a point. In Connecticut, Luzon B. Morris led again, but a dispute over the returns left the legislature deadlocked, and Morgan G. Bulkeley stayed in office for two more years. Republicans gained California with Henry H. Markham.
Every race
| State | Democrat | Votes | Republican | Votes | Others | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Thomas G. Jones | 139,912 (76.1%) | Benjamin M. Long | 42,391 (23.1%) | 1,494 | D+53.1 |
| Arkansas | James P. Eagle | 106,267 (55.5%) | none | Napoleon B. Fizer (Union Labor) 85,181 (44.5%) |
D+55.5 | |
| California flip | E. B. Pond | 117,184 (46.4%) | Henry H. Markham | 125,129 (49.6%) | 10,144 | R+3.2 |
| Colorado | Caldwell Yeaman | 35,359 (42.4%) | John L. Routt | 41,827 (50.1%) | John G. Coy (Labor) 5,199 (6.2%) |
R+7.8 |
| Connecticut | Luzon B. Morris | 67,658 (50.0%) | Samuel E. Merwin | 63,975 (47.3%) | 3,622 | D+2.7 |
| Connecticut: No candidate won a majority and the legislature deadlocked, so Republican Morgan Bulkeley stayed in office. | ||||||
| Delaware | Robert J. Reynolds | 17,801 (50.4%) | Harry A. Richardson | 17,258 (48.9%) | 238 | D+1.5 |
| Georgia | William J. Northen | 102,769 (99.3%) | none | 750 | D+99.3 | |
| Idaho | Benjamin Wilson | 7,948 (43.6%) | George L. Shoup | 10,262 (56.4%) | R+12.7 | |
| Kansas | Charles Robinson | 71,357 (24.2%) | Lyman U. Humphrey | 115,024 (39.0%) | John F. Willits (Populist) 106,945 (36.3%) |
R+14.8 |
| Maine | William P. Thompson | 45,370 (39.8%) | Edwin C. Burleigh | 64,264 (56.4%) | 4,285 | R+16.6 |
| Massachusetts flip | William E. Russell | 140,507 (49.2%) | John Q.A. Brackett | 131,454 (46.0%) | 13,565 | D+3.2 |
| Michigan flip | Edwin B. Winans | 183,725 (46.2%) | James M. Turner | 172,205 (43.3%) | Azariah S. Partridge (Prohibition) 28,681 (7.2%) |
D+2.9 |
| Minnesota | Thomas Wilson | 85,844 (35.6%) | William R. Merriam | 88,111 (36.6%) | Sidney M. Owen (Farmers' Alliance) 58,513 (24.3%) |
R+0.9 |
| Nebraska flip | James E. Boyd | 71,331 (33.3%) | L. D. Richards | 68,878 (32.2%) | John H. Powers (Populist) 70,187 (32.8%) |
D+1.2 |
| Nevada | Theodore Winters | 5,791 (46.7%) | Roswell K. Colcord | 6,601 (53.3%) | R+6.5 | |
| New Hampshire | Charles H. Amsden | 42,386 (49.1%) | Hiram A. Tuttle | 42,479 (49.3%) | 1,375 | R+0.1 |
| North Dakota | William Roach | 12,604 (34.6%) | Andrew H. Burke | 19,053 (52.2%) | Walter Muir (Farmers' Alliance) 4,821 (13.2%) |
R+17.7 |
| Oregon | Sylvester Pennoyer | 38,920 (53.5%) | David P. Thompson | 33,765 (46.5%) | D+7.1 | |
| Pennsylvania flip | Robert E. Pattison | 464,209 (50.0%) | George W. Delamater | 447,655 (48.2%) | 16,232 | D+1.8 |
| Rhode Island flip | John W. Davis | 20,548 (48.8%) | Herbert W. Ladd | 18,988 (45.1%) | 2,572 | D+3.7 |
| South Carolina | Benjamin Ryan Tillman | 59,159 (79.8%) | none | A.C. Haskell (Straightout Democrat) 14,828 (20.0%) |
D+79.8 | |
| South Dakota | Maris Taylor | 18,484 (23.8%) | Arthur C. Mellette | 34,487 (44.5%) | H. L. Loucks (Independent) 24,591 (31.7%) |
R+20.6 |
| Tennessee | John P. Buchanan | 113,549 (56.6%) | Lewis T. Baxter | 76,081 (37.9%) | D. C. Kelley (Prohibition) 11,082 (5.5%) |
D+18.7 |
| Texas | James S. Hogg | 262,432 (76.5%) | Webster Flanagan | 77,742 (22.6%) | 3,096 | D+53.8 |
| Vermont | Herbert F. Brigham | 19,299 (35.6%) | Carroll S. Page | 33,462 (61.7%) | 1,465 | R+26.1 |
| Wisconsin flip | George W. Peck | 160,388 (51.9%) | William D. Hoard | 132,074 (42.7%) | 16,594 | D+9.2 |
| Wyoming | George W. Baxter | 7,153 (44.6%) | Francis E. Warren | 8,879 (55.4%) | R+10.8 | |
Margin: the Democrat's share of all votes minus the Republican's. Margins are Democrat minus Republican, of all votes. Certified results, from the states' own archives, the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Heideman (2026) and Algara & Amlani (2021). By county: "As they were" draws each county as it stood on election day; "Today's" shares the old votes among today's counties by area, so its county detail is an estimate. County boundaries: Newberry Library, Atlas of Historical County Boundaries (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5). How these results were checked.