Election 1918 Results
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1918 Senate election results by state and county
Republicans won 17 of the Senate seats up in the last wartime election of the First World War and took control of the chamber from Wilson's Democrats.
32 Senate races were held in 1918, plus 9 special elections. Democrats won 14 and Republicans 18.
The closest were Kentucky (D+1.5), Colorado (R+1.6) and Michigan (R+1.7). 3 seats changed party: Colorado to the Republicans, Kansas to the Republicans and Oregon to the Republicans.
Early projection, based on early and incomplete polling: the likely matchups, each weighted by the betting markets' odds of both nominations, not a result. Each county is its 2024 presidential margin moved by its state's projected swing; set a national vote and every state, district and county moves by the same amount from our projection. Colours run in 100 steps from a safe Republican to a safe Democratic margin. Boundaries: US Census Bureau.
About the 1918 Senate elections
The election was held on November 5, 1918, six days before the armistice. Wilson had asked voters to return a Democratic Congress as an endorsement of his war leadership, and the appeal backfired. Republicans won 17 seats to the Democrats' 12 and gained a narrow majority in the Senate, which would later reject the Treaty of Versailles. The most watched race was in Michigan, where Republican Truman Newberry beat the carmaker Henry Ford, running as a Democrat, by 1.7 points. Newberry's campaign spending led to a criminal conviction that the Supreme Court later overturned, and he resigned from the Senate in 1922. In Colorado, Lawrence Phipps unseated Democrat John Shafroth, and Medill McCormick won in Illinois. Democrats had some bright spots. David Walsh won in Massachusetts, and Thomas Walsh held his seat in Montana. Idaho's John Nugent won a special election by a single point.
Every race
| State | Democrat | Votes | Republican | Votes | Others | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | John H. Bankhead | 54,880 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| Arkansas | Joseph T. Robinson | 78,386 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| Colorado flip | John Shafroth | 104,347 (47.9%) | Lawrence C. Phipps | 107,725 (49.5%) | 5,606 | R+1.6 |
| Delaware | Willard Saulsbury Jr. | 20,113 (47.8%) | L. Heisler Ball | 21,519 (51.2%) | 420 | R+3.3 |
| Georgia | William J. Harris | 53,731 (88.3%) | G. H. Williams | 7,078 (11.6%) | 14 | D+76.7 |
| Idaho | Frank L. Moore | 31,018 (32.8%) | William E. Borah | 63,587 (67.2%) | R+34.4 | |
| Idaho (special) | John F. Nugent | 48,467 (50.5%) | Frank R. Gooding | 47,497 (49.5%) | D+1.0 | |
| Illinois | James H. Lewis | 426,943 (44.9%) | Medill McCormick | 479,957 (50.5%) | 43,586 | R+5.6 |
| Iowa | Charles R. Keyes | 121,830 (34.6%) | William S. Kenyon | 230,264 (65.4%) | R+30.8 | |
| Kansas flip | William H. Thompson | 149,300 (33.7%) | Arthur Capper | 281,931 (63.7%) | 11,423 | R+30.0 |
| Kentucky | Augustus Owsley Stanley | 184,385 (50.8%) | Frederic M. Sackett | 178,797 (49.2%) | D+1.5 | |
| Louisiana | Joseph Ransdell | 44,224 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| Louisiana (special) | Edward J. Gay | 44,345 (100.0%) | none | 15 | D+100.0 | |
| Maine | Earl Newbert | 54,289 (44.6%) | Bert M. Fernald | 67,431 (55.4%) | R+10.8 | |
| Massachusetts | David I. Walsh | 207,478 (49.7%) | John W. Weeks | 188,287 (45.1%) | Thomas W. Lawson (Independent) 21,985 (5.3%) |
D+4.6 |
| Michigan | Henry Ford | 212,487 (48.5%) | Truman H. Newberry | 220,054 (50.2%) | 5,911 | R+1.7 |
| Minnesota | none | Knute Nelson | 206,428 (60.0%) | Willis Calderwood (National) 137,334 (40.0%) |
R+60.1 | |
| Mississippi | Pat Harrison | 30,055 (95.0%) | none | 1,569 | D+95.0 | |
| Missouri (special) | Joseph Folk | 267,397 (46.3%) | Selden Spencer | 302,680 (52.4%) | 7,629 | R+6.1 |
| Montana | Thomas J. Walsh | 46,160 (41.1%) | Oscar M. Lanstrum | 40,229 (35.8%) | Jeannette Rankin (National) 26,013 (23.1%) |
D+5.3 |
| Nebraska | John H. Morehead | 99,696 (45.5%) | George Norris | 119,486 (54.5%) | R+9.0 | |
| Nevada (special) | Charles Henderson | 12,197 (47.7%) | E.E. Roberts | 8,053 (31.5%) | Anne Henrietta Martin (Independent) 4,603 (18.0%) |
D+16.2 |
| New Hampshire | Eugene E. Reed | 32,763 (46.4%) | Henry W. Keyes | 37,783 (53.6%) | 5 | R+7.1 |
| New Hampshire (special) | John B. Jameson | 34,458 (49.2%) | George H. Moses | 35,528 (50.8%) | 6 | R+1.5 |
| New Jersey | George M. Lamonte | 153,743 (43.2%) | Walter E. Edge | 179,022 (50.3%) | 22,843 | R+7.1 |
| New Jersey (special) | Charles O'Connor Hennessy | 154,734 (44.6%) | David Baird Sr. | 170,414 (49.2%) | 21,433 | R+4.5 |
| New Mexico | W.B. Walton | 22,470 (47.5%) | Albert B. Fall | 24,322 (51.4%) | 531 | R+3.9 |
| North Carolina | Furnifold Simmons | 143,519 (60.5%) | John M. Morehead | 93,707 (39.5%) | D+21.0 | |
| Oklahoma | Robert L. Owen | 105,050 (55.4%) | W.B. Johnson | 77,188 (40.7%) | 7,259 | D+14.7 |
| Oregon flip | Oswald West | 64,303 (42.3%) | Charles McNary | 82,360 (54.2%) | 5,373 | R+11.9 |
| Oregon (special) flip | none | Frederick W. Mulkey | 103,913 (84.5%) | Martha Bean (Socialist) 19,014 (15.5%) |
R+84.5 | |
| Rhode Island | George O'Shaunessy | 37,573 (46.2%) | LeBaron B. Colt | 42,055 (51.8%) | 1,623 | R+5.5 |
| South Carolina | Nathaniel B. Dial | 25,792 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| South Carolina (special) | William P. Pollock | 25,733 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| South Dakota | Orville V. Rinehart | 36,210 (38.9%) | Thomas Sterling | 51,198 (55.1%) | W. T. Rafferty (Independent) 5,560 (6.0%) |
R+16.1 |
| Tennessee | John K. Shields | 98,459 (62.3%) | H. Clay Evans | 59,578 (37.7%) | D+24.6 | |
| Texas | Morris Sheppard | 155,178 (86.7%) | J. Webster Flanagan | 22,216 (12.4%) | 1,656 | D+74.3 |
| Virginia | Thomas S. Martin | 40,403 (99.7%) | none | 131 | D+99.7 | |
| West Virginia | Clarence Watson | 97,715 (45.4%) | Davis Elkins | 115,216 (53.5%) | 2,288 | R+8.1 |
| Wisconsin (special) | Joseph E. Davies | 148,923 (35.1%) | Irvine L. Lenroot | 163,983 (38.7%) | Victor L. Berger (Socialist) 110,487 (26.1%) |
R+3.6 |
| Wyoming | John E. Osborne | 17,528 (42.2%) | Francis E. Warren | 23,975 (57.8%) | R+15.5 |
Margin: the Democrat's share of all votes minus the Republican's. Margins are Democrat minus Republican, of all votes. Certified results, from the states' own archives, the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Heideman (2026) and Algara & Amlani (2021). By county: "As they were" draws each county as it stood on election day; "Today's" shares the old votes among today's counties by area, so its county detail is an estimate. County boundaries: Newberry Library, Atlas of Historical County Boundaries (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5). How these results were checked.