Election 1930 Results
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1930 Senate election results by state and county
A year into the Great Depression, Democrats won 19 of the seats up and gained seven states, leaving the Senate almost evenly split.
32 Senate races were held in 1930, plus 8 special elections. Democrats won 19 and Republicans 13.
The closest were Rhode Island (R+1.1), Minnesota (R+1.5) and South Dakota (D+3.3). 7 seats changed party: Colorado to the Democrats, Illinois to the Democrats, Kentucky to the Democrats, Massachusetts to the Democrats, Oklahoma to the Democrats, South Dakota to the Democrats and West Virginia to the Democrats.
Early projection, based on early and incomplete polling: the likely matchups, each weighted by the betting markets' odds of both nominations, not a result. Each county is its 2024 presidential margin moved by its state's projected swing; set a national vote and every state, district and county moves by the same amount from our projection. Colours run in 100 steps from a safe Republican to a safe Democratic margin. Boundaries: US Census Bureau.
About the 1930 Senate elections
The stock market crash of October 1929 had turned into a deep depression by the fall of 1930, and the Smoot-Hawley tariff had passed that summer. Voters turned against Hoover's Republicans. Democrats won 19 Senate seats and Republicans 13, taking seats in Colorado, Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Oklahoma, South Dakota and West Virginia. Republicans were left with the barest control of the chamber. In Colorado, Edward Costigan won easily, and in Massachusetts Marcus Coolidge beat William Butler, a close ally of Calvin Coolidge. Thomas Gore returned to the Senate from Oklahoma, and William Bulow won South Dakota. In Kansas, George McGill won a special election over Henry Allen by 2.1 points. Republicans held on narrowly elsewhere. Jesse Metcalf kept Rhode Island by 1.1 points, and Thomas Schall held Minnesota by 1.5 points. The results were a warning of the much larger defeat to come two years later.
Every race
| State | Democrat | Votes | Republican | Votes | Others | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | John H. Bankhead II | 150,985 (59.9%) | none | James Thomas Heflin (Independent) 100,952 (40.1%) |
D+59.9 | |
| Arkansas | Joseph T. Robinson | 141,806 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| Colorado flip | Edward P. Costigan | 180,028 (55.8%) | George H. Shaw | 137,487 (42.7%) | 4,833 | D+13.2 |
| Delaware | Thomas F. Bayard Jr. | 39,881 (45.4%) | Daniel O. Hastings | 47,909 (54.5%) | 135 | R+9.1 |
| Delaware (special) | Thomas F. Bayard Jr. | 39,881 (45.4%) | Daniel O. Hastings | 47,909 (54.5%) | 135 | R+9.1 |
| Georgia | William J. Harris | 56,502 (100.0%) | none | 1 | D+100.0 | |
| Idaho | Joseph M. Tyler | 36,162 (27.6%) | William E. Borah | 94,938 (72.4%) | R+44.8 | |
| Illinois flip | James H. Lewis | 1,432,216 (64.0%) | Ruth H. McCormick | 687,469 (30.7%) | 117,419 | D+33.3 |
| Iowa | Daniel F. Steck | 235,186 (43.0%) | Lester Dickinson | 307,613 (56.3%) | 3,715 | R+13.3 |
| Kansas | Jonathan M. Davis | 232,161 (38.9%) | Arthur Capper | 364,548 (61.1%) | R+22.2 | |
| Kansas (special) flip | George McGill | 288,889 (50.0%) | Henry J. Allen | 276,833 (47.9%) | 11,659 | D+2.1 |
| Kentucky flip | Marvel M. Logan | 336,748 (52.1%) | John M. Robsion | 309,180 (47.9%) | D+4.3 | |
| Kentucky (special) flip | Ben M. Williamson | 326,723 (52.3%) | John M. Robsion | 297,510 (47.7%) | D+4.7 | |
| Louisiana | Huey Long | 130,536 (100.0%) | none | 24 | D+100.0 | |
| Maine | Frank Haskell | 56,561 (39.1%) | Wallace H. White Jr. | 88,262 (60.9%) | R+21.9 | |
| Massachusetts flip | Marcus A. Coolidge | 651,939 (54.0%) | William M. Butler | 539,226 (44.7%) | 15,871 | D+9.3 |
| Michigan | Thomas Weadock | 169,757 (20.9%) | James Couzens | 634,577 (78.1%) | 7,673 | R+57.2 |
| Minnesota | Einar Hoidale | 282,018 (36.1%) | Thomas D. Schall | 293,626 (37.6%) | Ernest Lundeen (Farmer-Labor) 178,671 (22.9%) |
R+1.5 |
| Mississippi | Pat Harrison | 33,953 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| Montana | Thomas J. Walsh | 106,274 (60.3%) | Albert J. Galen | 66,724 (37.9%) | 3,163 | D+22.5 |
| Nebraska | Gilbert Hitchcock | 172,795 (39.7%) | George Norris | 247,118 (56.8%) | 14,884 | R+17.1 |
| New Hampshire | Albert W. Noone | 52,284 (41.9%) | Henry W. Keyes | 72,225 (57.9%) | 282 | R+16.0 |
| New Jersey | Alexander Simpson | 401,007 (39.0%) | Dwight T. Morrow | 601,497 (58.5%) | 25,719 | R+19.5 |
| New Jersey (special) | Thelma Parkinson | 372,739 (38.6%) | Dwight Morrow | 571,006 (59.1%) | 21,827 | R+20.5 |
| New Mexico | Sam G. Bratton | 69,356 (58.6%) | Herbert B. Holt | 48,699 (41.2%) | 254 | D+17.5 |
| North Carolina | Josiah W. Bailey | 324,293 (60.6%) | George M. Pritchard | 210,761 (39.4%) | D+21.2 | |
| Ohio (special) | Robert J. Bulkley | 1,046,561 (54.8%) | Roscoe C. McCulloch | 863,944 (45.2%) | D+9.6 | |
| Oklahoma flip | Thomas P. Gore | 255,838 (52.3%) | William B. Pine | 232,589 (47.5%) | 832 | D+4.8 |
| Oregon | Elton Watkins | 66,028 (27.9%) | Charles McNary | 137,231 (58.1%) | Llewellyn A. Banks (Independent) 17,488 (7.4%) |
R+30.1 |
| Pennsylvania (special) | Sedgwick Kistler | 523,338 (25.6%) | James J. Davis | 1,462,186 (71.5%) | 58,254 | R+45.9 |
| Rhode Island | Peter G. Gerry | 109,687 (49.2%) | Jesse H. Metcalf | 112,202 (50.3%) | 1,195 | R+1.1 |
| South Carolina | James F. Byrnes | 16,213 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| South Dakota flip | William J. Bulow | 106,317 (51.6%) | William H. McMaster | 99,595 (48.4%) | D+3.3 | |
| Tennessee | Cordell Hull | 154,071 (71.3%) | Paul E. Divine | 58,550 (27.1%) | 3,392 | D+44.2 |
| Tennessee (special) | William E. Brock | 144,019 (74.4%) | F. Todd Meacham | 49,554 (25.6%) | D+48.8 | |
| Texas | Morris Sheppard | 266,562 (86.9%) | D.J. Haesly | 39,053 (12.7%) | 1,100 | D+74.2 |
| Virginia | Carter Glass | 112,002 (76.7%) | none | J. Cloyd Byars (Independent Democratic) 26,091 (17.9%) |
D+76.7 | |
| West Virginia flip | Matthew M. Neely | 342,467 (61.9%) | James Ellwood Jones | 209,427 (37.9%) | 1,293 | D+24.1 |
| Wyoming | Harry H. Schwartz | 30,259 (41.0%) | Robert D. Carey | 43,626 (59.0%) | R+18.1 | |
| Wyoming (special) | Henry H. Schwartz | 29,904 (41.2%) | Robert D. Carey | 42,726 (58.8%) | R+17.7 |
Margin: the Democrat's share of all votes minus the Republican's. Margins are Democrat minus Republican, of all votes. Certified results, from the states' own archives, the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Heideman (2026) and Algara & Amlani (2021). By county: "As they were" draws each county as it stood on election day; "Today's" shares the old votes among today's counties by area. County boundaries: Newberry Library, Atlas of Historical County Boundaries (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5). How these results were checked.