Election 1920 Results
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1920 Senate election results by state and county
Warren Harding's landslide carried Republicans to 25 of the 30 Senate seats up, as Democrats lost a dozen states and were reduced to their Southern base.
32 Senate races were held in 1920, plus 2 special elections. Democrats won 7 and Republicans 25.
The closest were Kentucky (R+0.6), Maryland (R+4.0) and Nevada (R+4.2). 12 seats changed party: Arizona to the Republicans, California to the Republicans, Colorado to the Republicans, Indiana to the Republicans, Kentucky to the Republicans, Maryland to the Republicans, Missouri to the Republicans, Nevada to the Republicans, Oklahoma to the Republicans, Oregon to the Republicans, South Dakota to the Republicans and Wisconsin to the Republicans.
Early projection, based on early and incomplete polling: the likely matchups, each weighted by the betting markets' odds of both nominations, not a result. Each county is its 2024 presidential margin moved by its state's projected swing; set a national vote and every state, district and county moves by the same amount from our projection. Colours run in 100 steps from a safe Republican to a safe Democratic margin. Boundaries: US Census Bureau.
About the 1920 Senate elections
Voters in 1920 rejected the Wilson administration after the war, the fight over the League of Nations and a sharp postwar slump. Harding promised a "return to normalcy" and won 404 electoral votes. It was also the first presidential election after the Nineteenth Amendment gave women the vote nationwide. In the Senate races, Republicans won 25 seats and Democrats 5, almost all of those in the one-party South. Republicans took seats from Democrats in states including Arizona, California, Colorado, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, Oklahoma, Oregon and South Dakota, and built a large majority. The closest race was in Kentucky, where Richard Ernst beat former governor John Beckham by 0.6 points. Tasker Oddie won Nevada, and Samuel Shortridge unseated James Phelan in California. In Oregon, George Chamberlain, who had chaired the Military Affairs Committee during the war, lost to Robert Stanfield. Indiana's James Watson beat Thomas Taggart again, this time by more than 13 points.
Every race
| State | Democrat | Votes | Republican | Votes | Others | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Oscar W. Underwood | 154,664 (66.1%) | L.H. Reynolds | 77,337 (33.1%) | 1,984 | D+33.1 |
| Alabama (special) | J. Thomas Heflin | 160,680 (69.3%) | C.P. Lunsford | 68,460 (29.5%) | 2,820 | D+39.8 |
| Arizona flip | Marcus A. Smith | 29,169 (44.8%) | Ralph H. Cameron | 35,893 (55.2%) | R+10.3 | |
| Arkansas | Thaddeus H. Caraway | 126,577 (65.9%) | Charles F. Cole | 65,381 (34.1%) | D+31.9 | |
| California flip | James D. Phelan | 371,580 (40.7%) | Samuel M. Shortridge | 447,835 (49.0%) | James S. Edwards (Prohibition) 57,768 (6.3%) |
R+8.4 |
| Colorado flip | Tully Scott | 112,890 (39.3%) | Samuel D. Nicholson | 156,577 (54.5%) | 17,706 | R+15.2 |
| Connecticut | Augustine Lonergan | 131,824 (36.1%) | Frank B. Brandegee | 216,792 (59.4%) | 16,572 | R+23.3 |
| Florida | Duncan U. Fletcher | 98,957 (69.5%) | John M. Cheney | 37,065 (26.0%) | 6,372 | D+43.5 |
| Georgia | Thomas E. Watson | 124,630 (94.9%) | none | Harry S. Edwards (Pro-League Independent) 6,700 (5.1%) |
D+94.9 | |
| Idaho | John F. Nugent | 64,513 (45.9%) | Frank R. Gooding | 75,985 (54.1%) | R+8.2 | |
| Illinois | Peter A. Waller | 554,372 (26.8%) | William B. McKinley | 1,381,382 (66.8%) | 131,289 | R+40.0 |
| Indiana flip | Thomas Taggart | 514,191 (41.1%) | James E. Watson | 681,854 (54.6%) | 53,522 | R+13.4 |
| Iowa | Claude R. Porter | 322,015 (37.4%) | Albert B. Cummins | 528,499 (61.4%) | 9,956 | R+24.0 |
| Kansas | George H. Hodges | 170,443 (33.4%) | Charles Curtis | 327,072 (64.0%) | 13,418 | R+30.7 |
| Kentucky flip | John C.W. Beckham | 449,244 (49.7%) | Richard P. Ernst | 454,226 (50.3%) | R+0.6 | |
| Louisiana | Edwin S. Broussard | 94,944 (100.0%) | none | D+100.0 | ||
| Maryland flip | John W. Smith | 169,200 (43.3%) | Ovington Weller | 184,999 (47.3%) | G. D. Iverson Jr. (Independent) 21,345 (5.5%) |
R+4.0 |
| Missouri flip | Breckinridge Long | 589,498 (44.5%) | Selden Spencer | 711,161 (53.7%) | 24,835 | R+9.2 |
| Nevada flip | Charles Henderson | 10,402 (37.9%) | Tasker L. Oddie | 11,550 (42.1%) | Anne Henrietta Martin (Independent) 4,981 (18.2%) |
R+4.2 |
| New Hampshire | Raymond B. Stevens | 65,035 (41.6%) | George H. Moses | 90,173 (57.7%) | 1,004 | R+16.1 |
| New York | Harry C. Walker | 901,310 (32.9%) | James Wadsworth Jr. | 1,434,393 (52.4%) | Jacob Panken (Socialist) 208,155 (7.6%) |
R+19.5 |
| North Carolina | Lee S. Overman | 310,504 (57.5%) | A.E. Holton | 229,343 (42.5%) | D+15.0 | |
| North Dakota | H.H. Perry | 87,775 (40.2%) | Edwin F. Ladd | 130,614 (59.8%) | R+19.6 | |
| Ohio | W.A. Julian | 782,650 (40.8%) | Frank B. Willis | 1,134,953 (59.1%) | 2,647 | R+18.4 |
| Oklahoma flip | Scott Ferris | 218,371 (44.6%) | John W. Harreld | 247,721 (50.6%) | 23,663 | R+6.0 |
| Oregon flip | George Chamberlain | 100,124 (43.5%) | Robert Stanfield | 116,696 (50.7%) | 13,187 | R+7.2 |
| Pennsylvania | John A. Farrell | 484,362 (27.2%) | Boies Penrose | 1,067,989 (59.9%) | Leah Cobb Marion (Prohibition) 132,610 (7.4%) |
R+32.8 |
| South Carolina | Cotton Ed Smith | 64,388 (100.0%) | none | 1 | D+100.0 | |
| South Dakota flip | U.S.G. Cherry | 36,833 (20.0%) | Peter Norbeck | 92,267 (50.1%) | Tom Ayres (Independent) 44,309 (24.1%) |
R+30.1 |
| Utah | Milton H. Welling | 56,280 (38.6%) | Reed Smoot | 82,566 (56.6%) | 7,012 | R+18.0 |
| Vermont | Howard E. Shaw | 19,580 (21.9%) | William Dillingham | 69,671 (78.0%) | 20 | R+56.1 |
| Virginia (special) | Carter Glass | 184,646 (91.3%) | J. R. Pollard | 17,576 (8.7%) | D+82.6 | |
| Washington | George Cotterill | 68,488 (17.8%) | Wesley L. Jones | 217,069 (56.4%) | Clemens J. France (Farmer-Labor) 99,309 (25.8%) |
R+38.6 |
| Wisconsin flip | Paul S. Reinsch | 89,265 (13.2%) | Irvine L. Lenroot | 281,576 (41.6%) | James Thompson (Independent) 235,029 (34.7%) |
R+28.4 |
Margin: the Democrat's share of all votes minus the Republican's. Margins are Democrat minus Republican, of all votes. Certified results, from the states' own archives, the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Heideman (2026) and Algara & Amlani (2021). By county: "As they were" draws each county as it stood on election day; "Today's" shares the old votes among today's counties by area. County boundaries: Newberry Library, Atlas of Historical County Boundaries (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5). How these results were checked.