United Kingdom General electionby 15 Aug 2029in 1,032 days Calendar Track record Research

MRPs and mega-polls: every seat projection against ours

An MRP (multilevel regression and post-stratification) turns one very large poll into a call for every seat. They make headlines because they give a seat count. Here is every one published this parliament, next to our own projection on the same day, and how the final MRPs did at the last two elections.

353Labour seats in the latest, Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now for PLMR (25 Sep–2 Oct 2026)
319Labour seats in our projection today, from the average of every poll
323seats between Labour's highest and lowest MRP this parliament (30 to 353)
+45how far the final MRPs of 2024 overstated Labour on average (8 projections against 411 seats won)

Every MRP this parliament, against our projection

0 100 200 300 400 326 for a majority Jan 25 Apr 25 Jul 25 Oct 25 Jan 26 Apr 26 Jul 26 Oct 26 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (2 Oct 2026): Labour 353 More in Common (21 Sep 2026): Labour 250 YouGov (18 Sep 2026): Labour 241 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (11 Sep 2026): Labour 261 Survation (4 Sep 2026): Labour 272 Convergent Opinion (30 Jul 2026): Labour 245 Survation (27 Jul 2026): Labour 197 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (30 Jun 2026): Labour 195 More in Common (28 Jun 2026): Labour 110 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (7 Apr 2026): Labour 77 More in Common (30 Mar 2026): Labour 101 More in Common (16 Dec 2025): Labour 85 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (8 Dec 2025): Labour 30 YouGov (24 Sep 2025): Labour 144 More in Common (15 Sep 2025): Labour 90 Survation (1 Sep 2025): Labour 191 Stack Data Strategy (3 Aug 2025): Labour 161 More in Common (30 Jun 2025): Labour 126 YouGov (18 Jun 2025): Labour 178 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (17 Jun 2025): Labour 118 More in Common (1 Apr 2025): Labour 165 JL Partners (31 Mar 2025): Labour 218 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (28 Mar 2025): Labour 180 JL Partners (31 Jan 2025): Labour 200 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (29 Jan 2025): Labour 174 Focaldata (5 Jan 2025): Labour 287 JL Partners (31 Dec 2024): Labour 256 More in Common (16 Dec 2024): Labour 228 Stonehaven (9 Dec 2024): Labour 278 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (2 Oct 2026): Reform UK 81 More in Common (21 Sep 2026): Reform UK 147 YouGov (18 Sep 2026): Reform UK 123 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (11 Sep 2026): Reform UK 127 Survation (4 Sep 2026): Reform UK 153 Convergent Opinion (30 Jul 2026): Reform UK 174 Survation (27 Jul 2026): Reform UK 227 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (30 Jun 2026): Reform UK 166 More in Common (28 Jun 2026): Reform UK 293 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (7 Apr 2026): Reform UK 273 More in Common (30 Mar 2026): Reform UK 324 More in Common (16 Dec 2025): Reform UK 381 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (8 Dec 2025): Reform UK 398 YouGov (24 Sep 2025): Reform UK 311 More in Common (15 Sep 2025): Reform UK 373 Survation (1 Sep 2025): Reform UK 293 Stack Data Strategy (3 Aug 2025): Reform UK 348 More in Common (30 Jun 2025): Reform UK 290 YouGov (18 Jun 2025): Reform UK 271 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (17 Jun 2025): Reform UK 377 More in Common (1 Apr 2025): Reform UK 180 JL Partners (31 Mar 2025): Reform UK 135 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (28 Mar 2025): Reform UK 227 JL Partners (31 Jan 2025): Reform UK 102 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (29 Jan 2025): Reform UK 175 Focaldata (5 Jan 2025): Reform UK 76 JL Partners (31 Dec 2024): Reform UK 71 More in Common (16 Dec 2024): Reform UK 72 Stonehaven (9 Dec 2024): Reform UK 120 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (2 Oct 2026): Conservative 90 More in Common (21 Sep 2026): Conservative 125 YouGov (18 Sep 2026): Conservative 130 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (11 Sep 2026): Conservative 145 Survation (4 Sep 2026): Conservative 86 Convergent Opinion (30 Jul 2026): Conservative 99 Survation (27 Jul 2026): Conservative 71 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (30 Jun 2026): Conservative 124 More in Common (28 Jun 2026): Conservative 96 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (7 Apr 2026): Conservative 90 More in Common (30 Mar 2026): Conservative 81 More in Common (16 Dec 2025): Conservative 70 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (8 Dec 2025): Conservative 47 YouGov (24 Sep 2025): Conservative 45 More in Common (15 Sep 2025): Conservative 41 Survation (1 Sep 2025): Conservative 42 Stack Data Strategy (3 Aug 2025): Conservative 14 More in Common (30 Jun 2025): Conservative 81 YouGov (18 Jun 2025): Conservative 46 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (17 Jun 2025): Conservative 29 More in Common (1 Apr 2025): Conservative 165 JL Partners (31 Mar 2025): Conservative 136 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (28 Mar 2025): Conservative 133 JL Partners (31 Jan 2025): Conservative 190 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (29 Jan 2025): Conservative 178 Focaldata (5 Jan 2025): Conservative 163 JL Partners (31 Dec 2024): Conservative 208 More in Common (16 Dec 2024): Conservative 222 Stonehaven (9 Dec 2024): Conservative 157

LabourReform UKConservativeLines: our projection, day by day. Dots: each MRP, at the end of its fieldwork. Point at a dot for the firm and figure.

The projections, newest first

FieldworkPollster (client)SampleSeatsLabConRefLDGrnSNPOurs that day: Lab / Con / Ref
25 Sep–2 Oct 2026 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (PLMR)
Reported by the Daily Mail, 16 October 2026; Plaid Cymru and other seats not reported.
6,699 353908170428 297 / 136 / 69
21 Aug–21 Sep 2026 More in Common 15,765 25012514763327 282 / 144 / 69
23 Aug–18 Sep 2026 YouGov 16,758 24113012371940 282 / 144 / 69
4–11 Sep 2026 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (Restore Britain)
Commissioned by Restore Britain.
5,500 26114512753731 274 / 142 / 82
20 Aug–4 Sep 2026 Survation (38 Degrees) 8,124 2728615369340 271 / 138 / 88
25–30 Jul 2026 Convergent Opinion 10,919 2459917467725 196 / 154 / 135
22–27 Jul 2026 Survation (Hope not Hate) 10,014 1977122772446 196 / 154 / 135
23–30 Jun 2026 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (PLMR) 5,500 195124166713039 140 / 83 / 251
5–28 Jun 2026 More in Common 14,358 11096293661037 140 / 83 / 251
27 Mar–7 Apr 2026 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (PLMR) 5,599 7790273577145 156 / 84 / 222
Mar 2026 More in Common (The Times) 15,482 10181324622226 160 / 66 / 245
27 Nov–16 Dec 2025 More in Common (The Times) 16,083 857038135940 129 / 51 / 310
1–8 Dec 2025 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (PLMR)
Others include 4 for Your Party.
5,596 3047398565241 130 / 51 / 307
31 Aug–24 Sep 2025 YouGov 13,000 1444531178737 138 / 28 / 329
9 Aug–15 Sep 2025 More in Common (The Times) 19,520 904137369634 165 / 34 / 299
21 Aug–1 Sep 2025 Survation (38 Degrees) 8,546 1914229363630 162 / 33 / 305
16 Jul–3 Aug 2025 Stack Data Strategy (Conservative Party (alleged))
Reported as commissioned by the Conservatives; both they and Stack denied it.
9,301 1611434863337 173 / 39 / 287
13–30 Jun 2025 More in Common 11,282 1268129073742 212 / 41 / 249
29 May–18 Jun 2025 YouGov 11,500 1784627181738 203 / 40 / 255
10–17 Jun 2025 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (PLMR) 5,444 1182937769426 203 / 40 / 255
14 Mar–1 Apr 2025 More in Common 16,176 16516518067435 291 / 148 / 63
Mar 2025 JL Partners · POLARIS
Month only.
306,817 21813613570541 291 / 148 / 63
21–28 Mar 2025 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (PLMR) 5,180 18013322749430 291 / 148 / 63
Jan 2025 JL Partners · POLARIS
Month only.
306,817 20019010270742 302 / 137 / 64
22–29 Jan 2025 Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now (PLMR) 5,743 17417817557437 295 / 145 / 64
30 Nov 2024–5 Jan 2025 Focaldata (Hope not Hate) 17,790 2871637663422 340 / 151 / 27
Dec 2024 JL Partners · POLARIS
Month only.
280,000 256208716656 340 / 151 / 27
31 Oct–16 Dec 2024 More in Common 11,024 2282227258237 324 / 154 / 40
6–9 Dec 2024 Stonehaven 2,072 27815712047324 299 / 179 / 41

Seats as each firm published them (Great Britain, or the UK where the firm included Northern Ireland). Ours: our projection on the last day of the poll's fieldwork, recorded that day or rebuilt from the polls public by then (how the forecast moved). Sources: each firm's release where linked, and Wikipedia's table of seat projections.

How the final MRPs did

In 2024 every final MRP gave Labour more seats than it won, from 425 to 516 against 411. The British Polling Council put the MRP average at 441 Labour seats, 29 too many, and 101 Conservative, 20 too few: the same direction as the ordinary polls' miss, made bigger by the seat count.

2024 final callLabConLDRefSNPLabour too high by
YouGov 3 Jul4259872318+14
More in Common 3 Jul42912551216+18
Focaldata 1 Jul44410857215+33
Electoral Calculus / Find Out Now 27 Jun44960711824+38
Ipsos 18 Jun45311538315+42
We Think 26 Jun4657652329+54
Survation 3 Jul47068591514+59
Savanta 19 Jun516535008+105
Result, 4 July 20244111217259

2019: YouGov's final MRP gave the Conservatives 339 seats and Labour 231; they won 365 and 202. In 2017 its MRP called a hung parliament when most forecasts had a Conservative majority, with the Conservatives about 15 seats short of the 317 they won. MRPs can read the shape of an election well; their seat counts carry the error of the poll underneath.

2024 figures: each firm's own final release where linked, otherwise the seat tallies compiled by Peter Inglesby (the seats where each party leads, which can differ by a few from a firm's headline). Result: Labour 411 seats; the British Polling Council's review counts 412, with the Speaker.

How we treat them

Their vote shares are a poll

An MRP is first a large survey. Its vote shares are worth the same as any other poll from that firm, so its house lean comes with it. We keep stand-alone MRP releases out of our average, because one firm's very large sample would outweigh everyone else's for weeks.

Their seat counts are a model

The seat count depends on the vote shares and on the model's assumptions: how far voters switch tactically, how new parties' votes spread, and turnout. Most of the swing between one MRP and the next comes from the vote shares underneath.

A big sample is not a small error

Tens of thousands of interviews shrink random error, not the bias every poll from that firm shares. In 2024 the final MRPs missed in the same direction as the ordinary polls, and further on seats.

Where they help

MRPs are good at the shape of an election: which kinds of seat move, where a party's vote is efficient. We use the published ones as a check on our seat model, not as an input to it.

Try their assumptions yourself

The tactical voting section on Set the vote, see the Commons lets you add the kind of tactical switching some MRPs assume, on any vote shares you like.

The research

The full argument, with the record of every final MRP since 2017, is in our paper MRPs and mega-polls.